Sagunja (사군자) - the 4 gentlemen
Korean traditional painting


The Korean Cultural Center along with the Montreal Sejong Institute have teamed up this year to open up a Sagunja painting class. The class was offered both during the summer and the fall session. I enrolled in the fall session as I was very curious to learn more about this beautiful art, its history and to see if I can somewhat improve my existing painting skills.
The class itself finishes after the Honorary Reporter program ends this year so I will only briefly describe the beginning parts of this technique and their respective meanings.
Sagunja means 4 gentlemen and it refers to the Confucius belief that scholars should practice specific conducts in order to harmonize with nature.
During the class we explore the history and the method of painting of the 4 gracious plants (the orchid, the chrysanthemum, the plum and the bamboo). Each of these plants represents noble qualities one should embrace throughout their life and in their conduct.
Each of the plants also represents a season, as follows:



The Orchid - Summer
Symbolizes virtue, loyalty and honesty.
The Chrysanthemum – Autumn
Symbolizes universal love, elegance and innocence
The Bamboo - Winter
Symbolizes righteous living regardless of the exterior world.

The Plum - Spring
Symbolizes determination and unwavering resolve in front of obstacles.
The drawing of each of these plants is associated with a meditative technique because of the repetition it takes to attain this skill level. You also draw them as you observe them in nature but in a much more simplified manner. This is derived from the Confucius belief “Gunja”, meaning a man with virtue.
The painting technique is very specific and requires a lot of practice to even hold the brush correctly. The way of holding the brush is atypical from the way we have been used to holding it during art class, as well as the positioning of the elbow that is meant to be kept elevated at 90 degrees. It is quite hard to master the ink to water ratio for the brush, in order to obtain the type of strokes required for each of these drawings. I can understand why this is a meditative technique as it does require repetitive action over a long period of time. The type of ink used, the paper and the brush are very specific and can only be found in Asian art stores or brought directly from Korea.
Throughout this class I have developed a newfound respect for the elders and the incredible art pieces created hundreds of years ago.
Here are my own attempts at learning the process versus our teacher’s drawings.



Teacher's drawings:


It is certainly worth taking this class and learning the method of using the brush to create these types of paintings. The process is very meticulous and probably frustrating as it will take a lot of practice to get to an acceptable level but it is a meditation technique worth exploring after a long day of work or study.
Thank you for reading!
#sagunja #kcc #sejonginstitutemontreal #사군자 #한국예술 #한국문화원
References (bamboo and plum photos):
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/789748484626745821/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/611363718135130481/
All other photos have been taken by Corina Sferdenschi